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	<title>SysAdmin Adventures &#187; Kernel</title>
	<atom:link href="http://blog.tpa.me.uk/tag/kernel/feed/" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
	<link>http://blog.tpa.me.uk</link>
	<description>Tech notes from a Systems Administrator</description>
	<lastBuildDate>Mon, 31 Oct 2011 11:09:09 +0000</lastBuildDate>
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		<title>Slackware 13.1 Released :: An Unfortunate Choice of Kernel</title>
		<link>http://blog.tpa.me.uk/2010/05/29/slackware-13-1-released-an-unfortunate-choice-of-kernel/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.tpa.me.uk/2010/05/29/slackware-13-1-released-an-unfortunate-choice-of-kernel/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 29 May 2010 17:34:01 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Zordrak</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Kernel]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Slackware]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[13.1]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[2.6.33.4]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[unstable]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.tpa.me.uk/?p=378</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[As per the release announcement Slackware 13.1 has been released. Unfortunately I have to report I am less than happy with the 2.6.33.4 kernel with which it comes. I have come across too many bugs over too short a period of time to be able to trust this kernel with production servers; and this is [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>As per the <a href="http://www.slackware.com/announce/13.1.php" onclick="pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/www.slackware.com/announce/13.1.php?referer=');">release announcement</a> Slackware 13.1 has been released. Unfortunately I have to report I am less than happy with the 2.6.33.4 kernel with which it comes. I have come across too many bugs over too short a period of time to be able to trust this kernel with production servers; and this is a huge shame. Usually the only OS I&#8217;m truly happy to trust for my production servers is Slackware. It has always been simple, stable and secure. Unfortunately stable is just not the right word for 13.1. It feels rushed. It&#8217;s just not quite ready. If anything it feels like 13.1 is a running snapshot of -current rather than an end result. Pat has been tracking KDE SC and other software pretty closely putting the latest releases into -current as soon as possible and the current selection doesn&#8217;t feel like a well-tested stable collection, but just an arbitrary snapshot in time.</p>
<p>To be fair, most of the software in 13.1 is working pretty well without fault. Certainly I&#8217;m not aware of any specific complaints with the latest KDE SC, but the kernel is another matter. The 2.6.33.4 kernel has some major problems. There&#8217;s a bug between the versions of LVM and DRBD that causes massive data corruption. There&#8217;s a bug in LVM startup scanning that stops some LVM devices from being properly configured. There&#8217;s new ACPI bugs. All of these being major problems for production systems.</p>
<p>In practice this means that all my production stuff is halted at Slackware 13.0 which is pretty rock-solid. I really truly hope that Pat is planning to run a 13.2 in a few months and more than that I hope he doesn&#8217;t bow to any pressure to release anything prematurely. To give an indication of what I mean, it took just two weeks for Slackware 13.1 beta1 to go through rc1 and rc2 all the way to full release and in the melee it appears Pat forgot to update the README files in usb-and-pxe-installers.</p>
<p>Also, to clarify my concerns about the kernel, there are a number of features in 2.6.33 that people have been asking for but it is brand-spanking new and will only be supported for 6 months or so. Pat missed a golden opportunity to release 13.1 with the 2.6.32 kernel which is very stable and well tested and will be supported for between 2 and 3 years because it has been designated for long term support.</p>
<p>Could the people who really wanted a 2.6.33 kernel not have upgraded to it on their own without taking the whole stable Slackware release with them?</p>
<p>I can only hope for my own sake that 2.6.34 (or at least 35 or 36) proves itself rock solid so that I will be able to upgrade the servers that matter but still have a kernel I can trust.</p>
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			<wfw:commentRss>http://blog.tpa.me.uk/2010/05/29/slackware-13-1-released-an-unfortunate-choice-of-kernel/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>9</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>slackware-current and nvidia</title>
		<link>http://blog.tpa.me.uk/2010/04/01/slackware-current-and-nvidia/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.tpa.me.uk/2010/04/01/slackware-current-and-nvidia/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 01 Apr 2010 14:19:26 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Zordrak</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[KDE]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Kernel]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Slackware]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[-current]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[driver]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[nouveau]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[nvidia]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.tpa.me.uk/?p=349</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[For those hoping to update to slackware-current (2.6.33.1) and make use of alienBOB&#8217;s KDE SC 4.4.2 with PolicyKit packages, you need to be aware of one caveat. If you use the proprietary NVidia driver, you will need to blacklist the nouveau driver in order for it to work. /etc/modprobe.d/nouveau.conf # Blacklisting nouveau to fix NVidia [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>For those hoping to update to slackware-current (2.6.33.1) and make use of alienBOB&#8217;s KDE SC 4.4.2 with PolicyKit packages, you need to be aware of one caveat. If you use the proprietary NVidia driver, you will need to blacklist the nouveau driver in order for it to work.</p>
<p>/etc/modprobe.d/nouveau.conf</p>
<div class="codecolorer-container bash geshi" style="overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;border:1px solid #9F9F9F;width:435px;"><div class="bash codecolorer" style="padding:5px;font:normal 12px/1.4em Monaco, Lucida Console, monospace;white-space:nowrap"><span style="color: #666666; font-style: italic;"># Blacklisting nouveau to fix NVidia</span><br />
blacklist nouveau</div></div>
<p><em><strong>UPDATE: 20100428</strong><br />
A package has been added to slackware-current to do this for you:<br />
<strong>x/xf86-video-nouveau-blacklist-noarch-1.txz</strong><br />
</em></p>
]]></content:encoded>
			<wfw:commentRss>http://blog.tpa.me.uk/2010/04/01/slackware-current-and-nvidia/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>5</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>DRBD 8.3.7 SlackBuilds</title>
		<link>http://blog.tpa.me.uk/2010/03/04/drbd-8-3-7-slackbuilds/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.tpa.me.uk/2010/03/04/drbd-8-3-7-slackbuilds/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 04 Mar 2010 12:52:40 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Zordrak</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Kernel]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Slackware]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[2.6.33]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[drbd]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[git]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[slackbuild]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[slackbuilds]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.tpa.me.uk/?p=328</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[My DRBD SlackBuild has been updated for 8.3.7 and split into two: drbd-tools and drbd-kernel. They have been submitted to SlackBuilds.Org and are available there. They have been updated for proper Slackware64 compatibility and include notes regarding DRBD entering the Linux Kernel as of kernel 2.6.33. TAKE NOTE: Slackware{,64}-current has moved to kernel 2.6.33. DRBD&#8217;s [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>My <a href="http://blog.tpa.me.uk/2009/11/09/drbd-8-3-6-slackbuild/">DRBD SlackBuild</a> has been updated for 8.3.7 and split into two: drbd-tools and drbd-kernel.</p>
<p>They have been submitted to <a href="http://slackbuilds.org" onclick="pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/slackbuilds.org?referer=');">SlackBuilds.Org</a> and are available there. They have been updated for proper Slackware64 compatibility and include notes regarding DRBD entering the Linux Kernel as of kernel 2.6.33.</p>
<p><strong>TAKE NOTE:</strong><br />
Slackware{,64}-current has moved to kernel 2.6.33. DRBD&#8217;s kernel code is now part of the Linux kernel. You should not attempt to install drbd-kernel on a system with a 2.6.33 or later kernel. While it is technically possible, version 8.3.7 will not compile externally against 2.6.33. A fix is pending for the next release of DRBD but is nonetheless not required.</p>
<p>Users of Slackware{,64}-13.0 and earlier should use both packages.</p>
<p><a href='http://blog.tpa.me.uk/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/drbd-kernel.tar.gz'>DRBD v8.3.7 Kernel Module SlackBuild</a><br />
<a href='http://blog.tpa.me.uk/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/drbd-tools.tar.gz'>DRBD v8.3.7 Userland Tools SlackBuild</a></p>
]]></content:encoded>
			<wfw:commentRss>http://blog.tpa.me.uk/2010/03/04/drbd-8-3-7-slackbuilds/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>1</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Beauty, thy name is Slackware.</title>
		<link>http://blog.tpa.me.uk/2010/02/18/beauty-thy-name-is-slackware/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.tpa.me.uk/2010/02/18/beauty-thy-name-is-slackware/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 18 Feb 2010 15:44:54 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Zordrak</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Slackware]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[-current]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Kernel]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ram]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[server]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[slackware64]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[xeon]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.tpa.me.uk/?p=299</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Some days are just better than others. I&#8217;ve just finished completely eviscerating a powerful server that was running Windows 2003 R2. It&#8217;s now running Slackware64-current and very very beautifully so: Kernel: 2.6.32.7 Kernel Image Size: 2299 KB Module Tree Size: 33936 KB CPU: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5345 @ 2.33GHz Total RAM Available: 4054384KB Total RAM [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Some days are just better than others.</p>
<p>I&#8217;ve just finished completely eviscerating a powerful server that was running Windows 2003 R2.</p>
<p>It&#8217;s now running Slackware64-current and very very beautifully so:</p>
<p>Kernel: 2.6.32.7<br />
Kernel Image Size: 2299 KB<br />
Module Tree Size: 33936 KB</p>
<p>CPU: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU           E5345  @ 2.33GHz</p>
<p>Total RAM Available: 4054384KB<br />
Total RAM Used (+/- b/c): 42240 KB</p>
<p>/dev/sda: 6x SAS disks<br />
MegaRAID hardware controller<br />
4 disk in RAID10.<br />
2 global hot spares.</p>
<p>hdparm -tT /dev/sda:<br />
/dev/sda:<br />
 Timing cached reads:   8206 MB in  2.00 seconds = 4106.44 MB/sec<br />
 Timing buffered disk reads:  552 MB in  3.01 seconds = 183.66 MB/sec</p>
<p>It&#8217;s name according to the Simpsons naming scheme?</p>
<p><strong>Wolfcastle</strong></p>
<p> <img src='http://blog.tpa.me.uk/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_biggrin.gif' alt=':D' class='wp-smiley' /> </p>
]]></content:encoded>
			<wfw:commentRss>http://blog.tpa.me.uk/2010/02/18/beauty-thy-name-is-slackware/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Magic SysRQ: REISUB</title>
		<link>http://blog.tpa.me.uk/2009/08/31/magic-sysrq-reisub/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.tpa.me.uk/2009/08/31/magic-sysrq-reisub/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 31 Aug 2009 15:09:06 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Zordrak</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Kernel]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[reisub]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.tpa.me.uk/?p=76</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Ok, so your box is completely locked up, nothing you do with the keyboard and mouse does anything with the OS. You&#8217;re about to hold in the power button for a forced reset.. WAIT! Try the Magic SysRq key. All the Slackware default kernel have it compiled-in. It&#8217;s not easy finger-wise, but hold down Alt [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Ok, so your box is completely locked up, nothing you do with the keyboard and mouse does anything with the OS. You&#8217;re about to hold in the power button for a forced reset..</p>
<h3 style="text-align: center;"><strong>WAIT!</strong></h3>
<p><br clear="none" /><br />
Try the Magic SysRq key. All the Slackware default kernel have it compiled-in.</p>
<p>It&#8217;s not easy finger-wise, but hold down Alt and the SysRq key and while doing so, type in the following in order:</p>
<h3 style="text-align: center;"><strong>R E I S U B</strong></h3>
<p><br clear="none" /></p>
<p>Fingers crossed you just rebooted your machine without breaking it.</p>
<p>For more information:<br />
<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magic_SysRq_key" onclick="pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magic_SysRq_key?referer=');">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magic_SysRq_key</a></p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Compiling Your Own Slackware Kernel</title>
		<link>http://blog.tpa.me.uk/2009/08/31/compiling-your-own-slackware-kernel/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.tpa.me.uk/2009/08/31/compiling-your-own-slackware-kernel/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 31 Aug 2009 14:10:06 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Zordrak</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Kernel]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[compile]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[generic]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Slackware]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.tpa.me.uk/?p=51</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Ok, so I&#8217;ve made clear how I feel about using an initrd to boot your generic kernel. I also think that running the huge kernel on a permanent basis is equally insane. So I guess I&#8217;d better tell you about the alternative: compiling your own kernel. I should make it clear straight away that by [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Ok, so I&#8217;ve made clear how I feel about using an initrd to boot your generic kernel. I also think that running the huge kernel on a permanent basis is equally insane. So I guess I&#8217;d better tell you about the alternative: compiling your own kernel.</p>
<p>I should make it clear straight away that by no means do I consider the kernel an easy topic for most people to deal with, nor do I think I have a full grasp on every nuance myself; but I do think that the best thing you can ever do for your system is to build your own. Needless to say there are already a million billion kernel compilation guides out there, but they all make such a big deal out of what is an unbelievably simple process, especially in Slackware.</p>
<p>So.. give me five minutes of your time and I will show you the process I follow for each and every Slackware box I administer that gives me a generic kernel, no initrd, and endless options for customisation should I choose to take them. It&#8217;s simple, trust me.<br />
<br clear="none" /><br />
<a href="http://blog.tpa.me.uk/?page_id=69"><strong>Compiling your own kernel in Slackware Linux in 10 easy steps…</strong></a><br />
<br clear="none" /></p>
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		<slash:comments>5</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>The Evil of InitRD</title>
		<link>http://blog.tpa.me.uk/2009/08/30/the-evil-of-initrd/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.tpa.me.uk/2009/08/30/the-evil-of-initrd/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 30 Aug 2009 14:26:03 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Zordrak</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[General]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Kernel]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Rant]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[initrd]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Slackware]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://blog.tpa.me.uk/?p=8</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I understand that there are rare situations in which an initrd can be useful. For example, when hardware is constantly being swapped out, or when you absolutely must have an identical kernel image, or if you are using LUKS for your / partition. However, in general an initrd is, in my opinion, a completely pointless [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I understand that there are rare situations in which an initrd can be useful. For example, when hardware is constantly being swapped out, or when you absolutely must have an identical kernel image, or if you are using LUKS for your / partition. However, in general an initrd is, in my opinion, a completely pointless level of complexity that you are better off without.</p>
<p>I&#8217;m currently managing in excess of 15 completely different Slackware installs across lots of different hardware and not one of them is running a &#8220;huge&#8221; kernel, or an initrd. If a module is absolutely essential to your system&#8217;s ability to boot, why in hell haven&#8217;t you compiled it into your kernel? It&#8217;s like having a your starter-motor in your car disconnected from the battery, but having a relay on its own mini-battery connect it up when you turn the ignition.. why would you do it? What&#8217;s the point? The car will not start without it, why is it not hard wired into the system? It&#8217;s the same for the kernel. If the system won&#8217;t start without it, compile it into the kernel. Don&#8217;t play about with an injection system you don&#8217;t even need.</p>
<p>Ok, so your root device is inside RAID &amp; LVM on a GPT partition. So, compile in mdadm support for your RAID level, LVM support and GPT partition support; job done.</p>
<p>For the less experienced, it&#8217;s also a good way to learn the basics of kernel compilation without needing to do much more than follow a standard process. All you need to do is use the config from the generic kernel you were going to boot anyway, and knowledge of what filesystem your root device is installed with and what storage controller your disk uses. Go into the kernel config, add them in [*], make, make modules_install, move and symlink the new kernel, update lilo, reboot. Once you&#8217;ve done it twice, it becomes so routine and easy you&#8217;ll wonder why you haven&#8217;t been doing it forever.</p>
<p>Then, once you&#8217;re more familiar with the process, you can start removing other parts of the kernel you don&#8217;t need, especially hardware controllers for hardware you don&#8217;t have, with each step making your kernel smaller and your system leaner and faster.</p>
<p>Have kernel, will compile.</p>
<p><em>Post followed-up by:<br />
<a href="http://blog.tpa.me.uk/2009/08/31/compiling-your-own-slackware-kernel/">Compiling your own Slackware kernel</a></em></p>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
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